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1. 可共享可变状态是万恶之源 #

let objA = { name: 'zfpx' };
let objB = objA;
objB.name = '9';
console.log(objA.name);

2. 什么是 Immutable #

immutablejs

3. Immutable类库 #

内部实现了一套完整的 Persistent Data Structure,还有很多易用的数据类型。像 CollectionListMapSetRecordSeq

3.1 Map #

方法 作用
isMap 判断是否是Map
clear 清空值
set 设置值
delete 删除值
update 更新值
merge 合并值
setIn 设置值
deleteIn 删除值
updateIn 更新值
mergeIn 合并值
get 获取值
getIn 获取值
keys key的数组
values value的数组
entries entry的数组
toJS 转成普通JS对象
toObject 转成普通对象
toJSON 转成JSON对象
toArray 转成数组
const immutable = require("immutable");
const assert = require("assert");
let obj1 = immutable.Map({ name: 'zfpx', age: 8 });
let obj2 = obj1.set('name', 'zfpx2');
let obj3 = obj2.update('age', x => x + 1);
let obj4 = obj3.merge({ home: '北京' });
console.log(obj1, obj2, obj3, obj4);


let obj6 = immutable.fromJS({ user: { name: 'zfpx', age: 8 }, 'k': 'v' });
let obj7 = obj6.setIn(['user', 'name'], 'zfpx2');
let obj8 = obj7.updateIn(['user', 'age'], x => x + 1);
let obj9 = obj8.mergeIn(["user"], { home: '北京' });
console.log(obj6, obj7, obj8, obj9);

console.log(obj6.get('user'));

console.log(obj6.getIn(['user', 'name']));
console.log(...obj6.keys());
console.log(...obj6.values());
console.log(...obj6.entries());

var map1 = immutable.Map({ name: 'zfpx', age: 9 });
var map2 = immutable.Map({ name: 'zfpx', age: 9 });
assert(map1 !== map2);
assert(Object.is(map1, map2) === false);
assert(immutable.is(map1, map2) === true); 

3.2 List #

方法 作用
isList 判断是否是List
size 统计个数
push 添加
pop 弹出最后一个
update 更新
delete 删除指定元素的数组 delete(2)
insert 插入指定元素的数组 insert(2)
clear 清空数组 clear()
concat 合并
map 映射
filter 过滤
get 获取
find 查找
includes 判断包含
last 最后一个
reduce 计算总和
count 统计个数
let immutable = require('immutable');
let arr1 = immutable.fromJS([1, 2, 3]);
console.log(arr1.size);
let arr2 = arr1.push(4);
console.log(arr2);
let arr3 = arr2.pop();
console.log(arr3);
let arr4 = arr3.update(2, x => x + 1);
console.log(arr4);
let arr5 = arr4.concat([5, 6]);
console.log(arr5);
let arr6 = arr5.map(item => item * 2);
console.log(arr6);
let arr7 = arr6.filter(item => item >= 10);
console.log(arr7);
console.log(arr7.get(0));
console.log(arr7.includes(10));
console.log(arr7.last());
let val = arr7.reduce((val, item) => val + item, 0);
console.log(val);
console.log(arr7.count());

4. Immutable优势 #

4.1 降低复杂度 #

let obj1 = immutable.fromJS({ user: { name: 'zfpx', age: 8 }, 'k': 'v' });
let obj2 = obj1.setIn(['user', 'name'], 'zfpx2');

4.2 节省内存 #

let Immutable=require('immutable');
let p1=Immutable.fromJS({
    name: 'zfpx',
    home:{name:'beijing'}
});
let p2 = p1.set('name','zfpx2');
console.log(p1.get('home')== p2.get('home'));

4.3 方便回溯 #

只要把每次的状态都放在一个数组中就可以很方便的实现撤销重做功能

5. React性能优化 #

5.1 计数器 #

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
class Counter extends Component {
    state = {counter:{number:0}}
    handleClick = () => {
        let amount = this.amount.value ? Number(this.amount.value) : 0;
        this.state.counter.number = this.state.counter.number + amount;
        this.setState(this.state);
    }
    shouldComponentUpdate(nextProps, nextState) {
        return true;
    }
    render() {
        console.log('render');
        return (
            <div>
                <p>{this.state.number}</p>
                <input ref={input => this.amount = input} />
                <button onClick={this.handleClick}>+</button>
            </div>
        )
    }
}

ReactDOM.render(
    <Caculator />,
    document.getElementById('root')
)

5.2 深度克隆+浅比较 #

+ import _ from 'lodash';
handleClick = () => {
    let amount = this.amount.value ? Number(this.amount.value) : 0;
    let state = _.cloneDeep(this.state);
    state.counter.number = this.state.counter.number + amount;
    this.setState(state);
}
shouldComponentUpdate(nextProps, nextState) {
    for (const key in nextState) {
        if (this.State[key] !== nextState[key]) {
                return true;
            }
        }
    return false;
}

5.3 深比较 #

 shouldComponentUpdate(nextProps, prevState) {
    return !_.isEqual(prevState, this.state);
 }

5.4 immutable #

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import { is, Map } from 'immutable';
class Caculator extends Component {
    state = {
        counter: Map({ number: 0 })
    }
    handleClick = () => {
        let amount = this.amount.value ? Number(this.amount.value) : 0;
        let counter = this.state.counter.update('number', val => val + amount);
        this.setState({counter});
    }
    shouldComponentUpdate(nextProps = {}, nextState = {}) {
        if (Object.keys(this.state).length !== Object.keys(nextState).length) {
            return true;
        }
        for (const key in nextState) {
            if (!is(this.state[key], nextState[key])) {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }
    render() {
        return (
            <div>
                <p>{this.state.counter.get('number')}</p>
                <input ref={input => this.amount = input} />
                <button onClick={this.handleClick}>+</button>
            </div>
        )
    }
}


ReactDOM.render(
    <Caculator />,
    document.getElementById('root')
)

6. redux+immutable手工实现 #

import React, { Component } from 'react';
import ReactDOM from 'react-dom';
import PropTypes from 'prop-types'
import { createStore, combineReducers, applyMiddleware } from 'redux'
import { Provider, connect } from 'react-redux'
import immutable, { is, Map } from 'immutable';
import PureComponent from './PureComponent';

const ADD = 'ADD';

const initState = Map({ number: 0 });

function counter(state = initState, action) {
    switch (action.type) {
        case ADD:
            return state.update('number', (value) => value + action.payload);
        default:
            return state
    }
}

const store = createStore(counter);

class Caculator extends PureComponent {
    render() {
        return (
            <div>
                <p>{this.props.number}</p>
                <input ref={input => this.amount = input} />
                <button onClick={() => this.props.add(this.amount.value ? Number(this.amount.value) : 0)}>+</button>
            </div>
        )
    }
}
let actions = {
    add(payload) {
        return { type: ADD, payload }
    }
}
const ConnectedCaculator = connect(
    state => ({ number: state.get('number') }),
    actions
)(Caculator)

ReactDOM.render(
    <Provider store={store}><ConnectedCaculator /></Provider>,
    document.getElementById('root')
)

7. redux-immutable中间件 #

import { combineReducers } from 'redux-immutable';
function combineReducers(reducers) {
    return function (state = Map(), action) {
        let newState = Map();
        for (let key in reducers) {
            newState = newState.set(key, reducers[key](state.get(key), action));
        }
        return newState;
    }
}
let reducers = combineReducers({
    counter
});
const ConnectedCaculator = connect(
    state => {
        return ({ number: state.getIn(['counter', 'number']) })
    },
    actions
)(Caculator)

8. react-router-redux使用 #

import React from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

import { createStore, applyMiddleware } from "redux";
import { Provider } from "react-redux";
import { combineReducers } from 'redux-immutable';
import createHistory from "history/createBrowserHistory";
import { Route } from "react-router";
import { Map } from 'immutable';

import {
    ConnectedRouter,
    routerMiddleware,
    push,
    LOCATION_CHANGE
} from "react-router-redux";

const initialRouterState = Map({
    location: null,
    action: null
});

export function routerReducer(state = initialRouterState, { type, payload = {} } = {}) {
    if (type === LOCATION_CHANGE) {
        const location = payload.location || payload;
        const action = payload.action;

        return state
            .set('location', location)
            .set('action', action);
    }

    return state;
}
const history = createHistory();

const middleware = routerMiddleware(history);


const store = createStore(
    combineReducers({
        router: routerReducer
    }),
    applyMiddleware(middleware)
);
window.push = push;
window.store = store;
let Home = () => <div>Home</div>
let About = () => <div>About</div>
let Topics = () => <div>Topics</div>
ReactDOM.render(
    <Provider store={store}>
        <ConnectedRouter history={history}>
            <div>
                <Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
                <Route path="/about" component={About} />
                <Route path="/topics" component={Topics} />
            </div>
        </ConnectedRouter>
    </Provider>,
    document.getElementById("root")
);

9. react-router-redux实现 #

import React, { Component } from "react";
import ReactDOM from "react-dom";

import { createStore, combineReducers, applyMiddleware } from "redux";
import { Provider } from "react-redux";

import createHistory from "history/createBrowserHistory";
import { Router, Route } from "react-router";
import { Link } from "react-router-dom";
import PropTypes from 'prop-types';

// import {
//     ConnectedRouter,
//     routerReducer,
//     routerMiddleware,
//     push
// } from "react-router-redux";

const CALL_HISTORY_METHOD = '@@router/CALL_HISTORY_METHOD';
const LOCATION_CHANGE = 'LOCATION_CHANGE';
var initialRouteState = {
    location: null
}

class ConnectedRouter extends Component {
    static contextTypes = {
        store: PropTypes.object
    };

    handleLocationChange = (location) => {
        this.store.dispatch({
            type: LOCATION_CHANGE,
            payload: location
        });
    }
    componentWillMount() {
        this.store = this.context.store;
        this.history = this.props.history;
        history.listen(this.handleLocationChange);
    }

    render() {
        return <Router {...this.props} />
    };
}

function routerReducer(state = initialRouteState, action) {
    let { type, payload } = action;
    if (type === LOCATION_CHANGE) {
        return { ...state, location: payload };
    }
    return state;
}

function routerMiddleware(history) {
    return function () {
        return function (next) {
            return function (action) {
                if (action.type !== CALL_HISTORY_METHOD) {
                    return next(action);
                }

                var _action$payload = action.payload,
                    method = _action$payload.method,
                    args = _action$payload.args;
                history[method].apply(history, args);
            };
        };
    };
}
//push
function push(...args) {
    return {
        type: CALL_HISTORY_METHOD,
        payload: { method: 'push', args: args }
    };
}


// Create a history of your choosing (we're using a browser history in this case)
const history = createHistory();

// Build the middleware for intercepting and dispatching navigation actions
const middleware = routerMiddleware(history);

// Add the reducer to your store on the `router` key
// Also apply our middleware for navigating
const store = createStore(
    combineReducers({
        router: routerReducer
    }),
    applyMiddleware(middleware)
);
window.push = push;
window.store = store;
// Now you can dispatch navigation actions from anywhere!
// store.dispatch(push('/foo'))
let Home = () => <div>Home</div>
let About = () => <div>About</div>
ReactDOM.render(
    <Provider store={store}>
        {/* ConnectedRouter will use the store from Provider automatically */}
        <ConnectedRouter history={history}>
            <div>
                <Link to="/">Home</Link>
                <Link to="/about">About</Link>
                <Route exact path="/" component={Home} />
                <Route path="/about" component={About} />
            </div>
        </ConnectedRouter>
    </Provider>,
    document.getElementById("root")
);