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1. 什么是Buffer #

2. 什么是字节 #

3. 进制 #

3.1 转为十进制 #

3.2 转其它进制 #

4. 定义buffer的三种方式 #

4.1 通过长度定义buffer #

// 创建一个长度为 10、且用 0 填充的 Buffer。
const buf1 = Buffer.alloc(10);
// 创建一个长度为 10、且用 0x1 填充的 Buffer。
const buf2 = Buffer.alloc(10, 1);
// 创建一个长度为 10、且未初始化的 Buffer。
const buf3 = Buffer.allocUnsafe(10);

3.2 通过数组定义buffer #

// 创建一个包含 [0x1, 0x2, 0x3] 的 Buffer。
const buf4 = Buffer.from([1, 2, 3]);

正常情况下为0-255之间;

3.3 字符串创建 #

const buf5 = Buffer.from('珠峰培训');

5.buffer常用方法 #

5.1 fill #

buf.fill(value[, offset[, end]][, encoding])

buffer.fill(0);

5.2 write方法 #

buf.write(string[, offset[, length]][, encoding])

let buffer = Buffer.allocUnsafe(6);
buffer.write('珠',0,3,'utf8');
buffer.write('峰',3,3,'utf8'); //珠峰

5.3 writeInt8 #

buf.writeInt8(value, offset[, noAssert])

let buf = Buffer.alloc(4);
buf.writeInt8()
buf.writeInt8(0,0);
buf.writeInt8(16,1);
buf.writeInt8(32,2);
buf.writeInt8(48,3);
console.log(buf);// <Buffer 00 10 20 30>
console.log(buf.readInt8(0));//0
console.log(buf.readInt8(1));//16
console.log(buf.readInt8(2));//32
console.log(buf.readInt8(3));//48

5.3.1 Little-Endian&Big-Endian #

不同的CPU有不同的字节序类型,这些字节序是指整数在内存中保存的顺序。

let buffer = Buffer.alloc(4);
buffer.writeInt16BE(2**8,0);//256
console.log(buffer);//<Buffer 01 00 00 00>
console.log(buffer.readInt16BE(0));//256

buffer.writeInt16LE(2**8,2);//256
console.log(buffer);//<Buffer 01 00 00 01>
console.log(buffer.readInt16LE(2));//256

5.3 toString方法 #

buf.toString([encoding[, start[, end]]])

let buffer = Buffer.from('珠峰架构');
console.log(buffer.toString('utf8',3,6));//峰

5.4 slice方法 #

buf.slice([start[, end]])

let buffer = Buffer.from('珠峰架构');
let subBuffer = buffer.slice(0,6);
console.log(subBuffer.toString());

5.4.1 截取乱码问题 #

let {StringDecoder}  = require('string_decoder');
let sd = new StringDecoder();
let buffer = Buffer.from('珠峰');
console.log(sd.write(buffer.slice(0,4)));
console.log(sd.write(buffer.slice(4)));

5.5 copy方法 #

buf.copy(target[, targetStart[, sourceStart[, sourceEnd]]])

let buffer = Buffer.from('珠峰架构');
let subBuffer = Buffer.alloc(6);
buffer.copy(subBuffer,0,0,4);//珠
buffer.copy(subBuffer,3,3,6);//峰
console.log(subBuffer.toString());//珠峰
Buffer.prototype.copy = function(targetBuffer,targetStart,sourceStart,sourceEnd){
    for(let i=sourceStart;i<sourceEnd;i++){
        targetBuffer[targetStart++] = this[i];
    }
}
let buffer = Buffer.from('珠峰');
let subBuffer = Buffer.alloc(6);
buffer.copy(subBuffer,0,0,4);//珠
buffer.copy(subBuffer,3,3,6);//峰
console.log(subBuffer.toString());//珠峰

5.6 concat方法 #

Buffer.concat(list[, totalLength])

let buffer1 = Buffer.from('珠');
let buffer2 = Buffer.from('峰');
let buffer = Buffer.concat([buffer1,buffer2]);
console.log(buffer.toString());
Buffer.concat = function (list) {
    let totalLength = list.reduce((len, item) => len + item.length, 0);
    if (list.length == 0)
        return list[0];
    let newBuffer = Buffer.alloc(totalLength);
    let pos = 0;
    for (let buffer of list) {
        for (let byte of buffer) {
            newBuffer[pos++] = byte;
        }
    }
    return newBuffer;
}
let buffer1 = Buffer.from('珠');
let buffer2 = Buffer.from('峰');
let buffer = Buffer.concat([buffer1, buffer2]);
console.log(buffer.toString());

5.7 isBuffer #

Buffer.isBuffer();

5.8 length #

let str = '珠峰';
console.log(str.length);//2
let buffer = Buffer.from(str);
console.log(Buffer.byteLength(buffer));//6

6. base64 #

const CHARTS = 'ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/';
function transfer(str){
  let buf = Buffer.from(str);
  let result = '';
  for(let b of buf){
      result += b.toString(2);
  }
  return result.match(/(\d{6})/g).map(val=>parseInt(val,2)).map(val=>CHARTS[val]).join('');
}
let r = transfer('珠');
console.log(r);//54+g